How Can You Tell if Amber is Real?
Amber, fossilized tree resin, has captivated humans for millennia with its warm glow and captivating inclusions. However, the allure of this ancient material has also led to a market flooded with imitations. Knowing how to distinguish genuine amber from its counterfeits is crucial, whether you're a collector, jeweler, or simply curious about this fascinating substance. This guide will equip you with the knowledge to determine the authenticity of amber pieces.
What are the most common ways to fake amber?
Many materials are used to mimic amber, including copal (a younger, less hardened resin), plastic, and even glass. Understanding these imitations is the first step in identifying genuine amber. Modern plastics are particularly adept at replicating amber's appearance, making identification challenging for the untrained eye. Copal, while a natural resin, lacks the age and chemical properties of true amber, often leading to misidentification.
What tests can I do at home to check if amber is real?
Several simple tests can help you assess the authenticity of amber at home. However, remember that these tests provide strong indicators, but definitive identification often requires professional gemological testing.
1. The Saltwater Test: This is a popular and relatively reliable home test. Dissolve a generous amount of salt in a glass of water until no more dissolves (creating a saturated solution). Genuine amber will float, while most imitations will sink. This is because amber's density is lower than that of saltwater.
2. The Heat Test (Use with Caution!): This method requires extreme care and should only be performed on a small, inconspicuous area. Briefly touch a heated needle (a lighter is suitable) to the amber. Genuine amber will emit a slightly piney or resinous scent and will soften slightly. Plastics will melt and release harsh, chemical odors. Warning: This method can damage the amber if not done carefully.
3. The UV Light Test: Many types of amber fluoresce under ultraviolet (UV) light, emitting a blue or greenish glow. However, this isn't a foolproof test as not all amber fluoresces, and some imitations may also react to UV light. This test is best used in conjunction with other methods.
4. The Friction Test: Rub the amber vigorously on a piece of wool or your clothing. Genuine amber should develop a static charge, attracting small pieces of paper or dust. This electrostatic charge is a characteristic of amber.
Are there any visual characteristics that can help me identify real amber?
While not foolproof on their own, certain visual characteristics can provide clues about the authenticity of amber:
- Inclusions: Genuine amber often contains inclusions—tiny insects, plant matter, or air bubbles trapped within the resin. These inclusions are incredibly difficult to replicate convincingly in counterfeits.
- Color Variations: Amber comes in a wide range of colors, from honey-yellow to deep red, and even blue and green. However, be cautious, as this alone doesn't guarantee authenticity.
- Surface Texture: Genuine amber often exhibits a natural, slightly uneven surface texture. Perfectly smooth amber may raise suspicions.
- Opacity: Amber can vary in its level of transparency. Some pieces are clear, others are translucent, and some are opaque. The transparency of a piece does not determine its authenticity.
How much does it cost to get professional testing done on amber?
The cost of professional gemological testing varies depending on the laboratory and the complexity of the analysis. Expect to pay a fee for a conclusive assessment. It's a worthwhile investment if you're dealing with valuable or significant pieces of amber.
What are some reputable sources to buy amber?
Purchasing amber from reputable dealers and well-established sources minimizes the risk of acquiring counterfeits. Look for dealers who offer certificates of authenticity and detailed information about their amber's origin.
This information should help you approach amber identification with more confidence. Remember that a combination of tests and careful observation offers the best chance of confirming authenticity. If you're unsure, always seek professional gemological assessment.
