Is Tartar and Plaque the Same Thing?
No, tartar and plaque are not the same thing, although they are both forms of dental buildup that contribute to gum disease and tooth decay. Understanding their differences is crucial for maintaining good oral hygiene. This article will clarify the distinctions between plaque and tartar, explaining their formation, impact on oral health, and how to effectively prevent and remove them.
What is Plaque?
Plaque is a sticky, colorless film that constantly forms on your teeth. It's a complex community of bacteria, food particles, and saliva. These bacteria feed on sugars and starches in your diet, producing acids that attack tooth enamel, leading to cavities. Crucially, plaque is soft and can be removed effectively with regular brushing and flossing. Left undisturbed, however, it hardens into tartar.
What is Tartar?
Tartar, also known as calculus, is hardened plaque. It's a rough, yellowish-brown deposit that adheres firmly to the teeth, both above and below the gum line. Because it's mineralized, tartar is significantly harder to remove than plaque and requires professional cleaning by a dentist or dental hygienist. Tartar provides a rough surface for even more plaque to accumulate, accelerating the progression of gum disease.
How Does Plaque Turn into Tartar?
The process of plaque hardening into tartar involves the mineralization of plaque by calcium and phosphate salts from saliva. This usually takes about 24-72 hours, depending on individual factors and oral hygiene practices. The longer plaque remains on the teeth, the greater the chance it will harden into tartar.
What are the Differences Between Plaque and Tartar?
Here's a table summarizing the key differences:
| Feature | Plaque | Tartar (Calculus) |
|---|---|---|
| Consistency | Soft, sticky | Hard, crusty |
| Color | Colorless or slightly yellowish | Yellowish-brown |
| Removal | Can be removed by brushing & flossing | Requires professional cleaning |
| Formation | Forms constantly on teeth | Hardened plaque |
| Impact | Causes cavities, gum inflammation | Causes cavities, gum disease, & tooth loss |
How Can I Prevent Plaque and Tartar Buildup?
Preventing both plaque and tartar involves consistent and effective oral hygiene practices:
- Brush your teeth twice a day: Use a fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush, brushing for at least two minutes each time. Focus on gentle but thorough cleaning of all tooth surfaces.
- Floss daily: Flossing removes plaque and food particles from between your teeth, areas your toothbrush can't reach.
- Use mouthwash: A therapeutic mouthwash can help kill bacteria and reduce plaque buildup.
- Regular dental checkups: Professional cleanings are vital for removing tartar and identifying any potential oral health problems early on. Your dentist or hygienist can provide personalized advice and treatment.
- Maintain a healthy diet: Limit sugary and starchy foods and drinks to minimize bacterial activity in your mouth.
What are the Consequences of Ignoring Plaque and Tartar?
Ignoring plaque and tartar buildup can lead to several serious oral health problems, including:
- Cavities: Acids produced by bacteria in plaque erode tooth enamel, leading to cavities.
- Gingivitis: Inflammation of the gums, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding.
- Periodontitis: A severe form of gum disease that can damage the soft tissues and bone supporting your teeth, potentially leading to tooth loss.
- Bad Breath: Bacteria trapped in plaque and tartar contribute to unpleasant breath odor.
By understanding the differences between plaque and tartar and adopting a proactive approach to oral hygiene, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing these serious oral health issues and maintain a healthy, beautiful smile for years to come. Regular brushing, flossing, and professional dental cleanings are your best defense against plaque and tartar.
