Wisdom teeth, also known as third molars, are the last teeth to erupt in the mouth, typically appearing between the ages of 17 and 25. However, for many, these teeth don't emerge properly. A common issue is wisdom teeth coming in sideways, a condition known as impacted wisdom teeth. This can lead to a range of problems, from pain and infection to more serious complications. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options is crucial for maintaining good oral health.
What Causes Wisdom Teeth to Come in Sideways?
The primary reason for wisdom teeth erupting sideways or becoming impacted is a lack of space in the jaw. Our jaws haven't evolved to accommodate these late-arriving molars, especially in modern diets that don't require as much chewing force. Other contributing factors can include:
- Angle of eruption: The angle at which the wisdom tooth tries to emerge can influence whether it becomes impacted. If the tooth attempts to erupt at an angle against adjacent teeth, it becomes stuck.
- Genetic predisposition: Family history of impacted wisdom teeth can increase your risk.
- Jaw size: Smaller jaws are more likely to lead to impacted wisdom teeth due to insufficient space.
What are the Symptoms of a Sideways Wisdom Tooth?
The symptoms of an impacted wisdom tooth can vary depending on the severity of the impaction and whether the tooth is partially or fully impacted. Some people experience no symptoms at all, while others suffer significant discomfort. Common symptoms include:
- Pain: This can range from mild discomfort to severe, throbbing pain.
- Swelling: Swelling of the gums and surrounding tissues is frequently observed.
- Redness and inflammation: The gums around the impacted tooth may appear red and inflamed.
- Difficulty opening your mouth: This can be due to swelling and inflammation.
- Bad breath or foul taste: Impacted wisdom teeth can trap food particles, leading to bad breath and a foul taste.
- Infection: In some cases, infection (pericoronitis) can develop around the partially erupted wisdom tooth, causing severe pain and swelling. This often requires antibiotic treatment.
How are Impacted Wisdom Teeth Treated?
The most common treatment for impacted wisdom teeth is surgical extraction. This involves a minor surgical procedure to remove the tooth, often performed under local anesthesia or sedation. The specific procedure depends on the degree of impaction. Some sideways teeth may require a more complex extraction, possibly involving bone removal or sectioning the tooth.
What are the risks of leaving impacted wisdom teeth untreated?
Leaving impacted wisdom teeth untreated can lead to several complications, including:
- Cysts: A fluid-filled sac (cyst) can develop around the tooth's roots, potentially damaging adjacent teeth or jawbone.
- Tumors: Rarely, tumors can develop around impacted wisdom teeth.
- Damage to adjacent teeth: The pressure from an impacted wisdom tooth can damage or shift the position of adjacent teeth.
- Gum disease: Impacted wisdom teeth are difficult to clean, increasing the risk of gum disease (periodontal disease).
- Recurring infections: Infections can repeatedly occur around the impacted wisdom tooth.
What is the recovery time after wisdom tooth extraction?
Recovery time varies depending on the complexity of the surgery. Generally, expect some swelling, discomfort, and bruising for a few days. Following your surgeon's post-operative instructions is essential for proper healing. This typically involves a soft food diet, medication to manage pain and inflammation, and regular mouth rinsing.
Is it necessary to remove all impacted wisdom teeth?
Not all impacted wisdom teeth require removal. If the tooth is fully impacted and asymptomatic, your dentist or oral surgeon might recommend monitoring it instead of immediate extraction. However, if any of the risks mentioned above are present or if the tooth causes symptoms, extraction is usually recommended.
How much does wisdom tooth extraction cost?
The cost of wisdom tooth extraction varies depending on several factors, including the complexity of the surgery, the surgeon's fees, and whether anesthesia is required. It's essential to discuss the costs with your dentist or oral surgeon before proceeding.
Remember, this information is for general knowledge and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified dentist or oral surgeon for diagnosis and treatment of impacted wisdom teeth. Early detection and treatment can prevent potential complications and preserve your oral health.
